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Italy has probably the highest levels of faunal biodiversity in Europe〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.minambiente.it/sites/default/files/archivio/allegati/biodiversita/italian_fifth_report_cbd.pdf )〕 with over 57,000 species recorded (more than a third of all European fauna). This is due to Italy’s *Southerly geographical position, surrounded by the Mediterranean and Aegean seas. There is 8,000 km of coastline and the Italian peninsula is in the centre of the Mediterranean Sea, forming a corridor between central Europe and North Africa. Italy also receives species from the Balkans, Eurasia, the Middle East. *Varied geological structure. *High mountain ranges, especially the Alps and the Apennines. *Climate and habitat diversity - very broadly Alpine in the North, woodlands and river systems in Central Italy and Garigue (the Italian word is Gariga) and Maquis shrubland (in Italian, Macchia mediterranea) in the South. *High plant diversity (9,000 species - almost half Europe’s total). 86% of the Italian fauna is land-based, 14% is aquatic. Insects represent about two thirds of all of Italy’s fauna. ==Hotspot== Portions of Italy are included in the Mediterranean Basin biodiversity hotspot. Important terrestrial ecoregions include the: Illyrian deciduous forests, the Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests, the South Apennine mixed montane forests, the Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests, Apennine deciduous montane forests, the Dinaric Mountains mixed forests(Trieste) and the Po Basin mixed forests. There are also many cave systems significant for Biodiversity. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fauna of Italy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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